影视英语角第二期话题讨论：垃圾分类
背景介绍：根据新闻报导，上海市一项关于家居垃圾分类管理的规章制度于7月1日正式生效。截止到7月6日，城市管理和执法部门根据相关法规，针对190项各种不同的家庭垃圾分类问题展开调查，其中有15个案例来自城市居民、餐馆营业人员和其它责任自然人。根据相关规定，上海居民需要按照干垃圾、湿垃圾（厨余垃圾）、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾四种标准对垃圾进行分类。没有按照规定执行的市民将会面临200元的罚款。对于公司与机构，处罚最高可达到5万元。此外，垃圾运输人员对于没有做好分类的垃圾可以拒绝运输和装载。
规定还指出，如果不是客人要求，酒店不应提供一次性拖鞋和浴帽，餐厅及食品配送公司也被要求不得提供一次性刀叉。政府及公共事业机构不得在办公室使用一次性杯子，并应尽量优先考虑购买再生产品。市内快运公司应使用电子订单以及环保包装材料。
住房和城镇发展部门之前提到：2019年，将有46个关键城市会持续加大对居民垃圾分拣设施的投资以确保此项政策的顺利执行，到2020年垃圾分类处理系统将逐步在这46个试点城市装配到位。到2025年，所有地市级以上城市应当拥有各自的垃圾分拣和处置系统。
Background Introduction：活动介绍：
According to the paper, a regulation on the management of domestic waste in Shanghai came into effect on July 1,As of July 6, the city's urban management and law enforcement departments have investigated and dealt with 190 cases of various kinds of household garbage classification according to law, including 15 cases of individual residents, restaurant operators and other responsible persons.
According to the regulation, citizens of shanghai are required to sort household garbage into four categories—dry garbage, wet garbage (kitchen waste), recyclable sand hazardous waste—and individuals who fail to do so will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies and institutions, the fine can go up to 50,000 yuan. Inaddition, transport operators can refuse to pickup the garbage if it's not properly sorted.
According to the regulation, if not requested by guests, hotels should not provide disposable slippers and shower caps, while restaurants and food delivery businesses should not provide disposable cutlery. Government and public institutions are not allowed to use disposable cups in the office and should give priority in purchasing products made from recycled materials. All the courier companies that operate in the city should use digital orders and environment-friendly materials for packaging.
The ministry of housing and urban-rural development has previously said that 46 key cities will continue to increase investment in facilities to classify and treat household waste in 2019 to meet the demand. By the end of 2020, waste classification and treatment systems will be basically in place in 46 key cities that have been tested first. By 2025, cities at the prefecture-level and above should basically have their own waste sorting and treatment systems in place.
Questions to be discussed：（预备待讨论问题）
01：Are you in favor of garbage classification? Why and why not?
02：Do you believe that citizens in Shanghai are civilized enough to comply with the newly issued regulation?
03：What are the key measures that you think the government should take to better facilitate the change?
In my own perspective, there are three aspects that our government should take into consideration in order to accelerate the garbage sorting campaign nationwide and for it to be successfully implemented.
Firstly, they should extend their resources in promoting their garbage sorting campaign for it to be definite by posting a campaign materials endorsed by a well-known or popular personalities like a celebrity endorser or a model with a pleasing personality and has a good image background. They could also ask for the help of other management companies and assign them to distribute leaflets, flyers, posters, and some other campaign materials for their nationwide ad campaign for the awareness of everyone living in the community. Furthermore, the enormous influence on the social media and public transportation facilities would be a great advantage to accelerate or escalate the promotion progress.
Secondly, the law enforcement departments and other government sectors should form an alliance and set up a committee to oversee the implementation of this newly issued garbage sorting policy, but on the other hand, they should devise an incentive program to facilitate the change. As far as I am concerned, the most practical way is to grant an award those districts who could execute the task outstandingly by means of contributing an excellent performance, then a punishment must be in order to serve as an effective deterrent to those who are inefficient or lagging behind.
Last but not the least, the government should invest on facilities and develop a mechanism that could stimulate sanitation workers to enhance the awareness of this policy among citizens, for instance, reminding those who are not aware of and those who don't comply with it. Since the sanitation workers are the frontline practitioners, motivate and subsidize the correspondent department that they are in that would initiate the garbage sorting to a real boost.
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